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What environments is the enclosure of a box type substation suitable for

source：yqfzfs.cn  |  Release time：2025年09月16日
        The shell of a box type substation (referred to as the "box type substation shell") is the core protective structure of a box type substation. Its design needs to adapt to different environmental requirements such as climate, safety, and pollution. The core function is to protect internal transformers, switchgear, cables, and other components from external influences, while ensuring operation and maintenance safety. Its applicable environment can be divided into three categories: "outdoor general scenarios", "special harsh scenarios", and "specific functional scenarios", as follows:
1、 Outdoor universal environment: meets basic protection requirements
        This is the most widely used application scenario for the casing of box type transformers, mainly adapted to the conventional outdoor power distribution needs of cities and towns. The core requirements are "wind and rain resistance, foreign object resistance, and misoperation prevention". Typical scenarios include:
        Urban municipal supporting facilities: such as street light distribution on both sides of roads, power supply for residential areas, and outdoor distribution areas for commercial complexes. The outer shell needs to adapt to the cleanliness of the urban environment, usually using beautiful metal or composite materials, while also having basic functions of rain and small animal (such as mice and snakes) intrusion prevention;
Rural power distribution network: such as rural substation power supply and agricultural cooperative power distribution, the shell needs to withstand outdoor temperature differences in rural areas (such as high temperatures in summer and low temperatures in winter), and have a certain degree of corrosion resistance (to cope with field moisture and dust);
        Surrounding areas of ordinary industrial parks: Outdoor distribution points in non high pollution and high dust industrial parks must have basic dust-proof and waterproof (IP44 or above protection level) enclosures to prevent dust and rainwater from entering and affecting equipment operation.
2、 Special harsh environment: requires enhanced protective performance
        For environments with extreme climate, severe pollution, or safety risks, the casing of the transformer box needs to be upgraded in material and optimized in structure to meet special requirements such as weather resistance, corrosion resistance, and explosion prevention. Typical scenarios include:
Extreme climate environment
       High temperature/high sunshine areas (such as the southern coast and northwest desert): The outer shell should be made of "insulation materials" (such as sandwich color steel plates, composite insulation boards) or add ventilation and heat dissipation structures to avoid excessive internal temperature (exceeding the equipment's tolerance limit); Some scenes require the installation of sunshades to reduce direct sunlight exposure;
       Low temperature/severe cold regions (such as Northeast China and high-altitude areas): The shell needs to have "insulation performance" (such as thickened insulation layer and sealed structure) to prevent internal components from condensing and cracking due to low temperature, and some parts need to be equipped with heating devices;
       Rainy/high humidity/coastal areas (such as southern Meiyu areas and coastal cities): The outer shell needs to be upgraded to a waterproof level (IP54 or above) and made of "corrosion-resistant materials" (such as 304 stainless steel and fiberglass) to avoid corrosion of the metal shell caused by salt in sea breeze and moisture. At the same time, the bottom needs to be raised or a waterproof foundation needs to be made to prevent rainwater from flowing back.
High pollution/high dust environment
       Heavy industrial parks (such as steel, chemical, and cement plants): The outer shell needs to be reinforced with dust prevention (IP5X or above), using a "sealed structure" and "easy to clean materials" to prevent dust and oil from entering the equipment interior; Regularly clean the surface of the casing to avoid the accumulation of pollutants that may affect heat dissipation;
       Mining area/construction site: The shell needs to have "impact resistance" (such as thickened steel plates, anti-collision guardrails) to cope with risks such as mechanical collisions and ore falling on the construction site. At the same time, the dust prevention level needs to be improved to avoid the intrusion of mineral dust.
Flammable and explosive environment
       Oil and gas fields/gas stations/chemical plants: "Explosion proof shell" should be used, and the material should have anti-static and flame-retardant properties (such as explosion-proof steel plates). The structural design should avoid the leakage of electric sparks, and the surface of the shell should be grounded to prevent static electricity accumulation from causing explosions; Partial scenarios require the use of "explosion-proof structures" to limit the explosion range even in the event of internal failures.
3、 Specific functional scenarios: Adapt to contextualized requirements
       In addition to environmental protection, some scenarios have special requirements for the "space, aesthetics, and mobility" of the box transformer casing. Typical scenarios include:
       Urban core/landscape areas (such as city center squares, parks, scenic spots): The outer shell needs to balance "aesthetics" and "concealment", often using "landscape style design" (such as imitation stone, imitation wood grain materials, or consistent with the surrounding architectural style), and some are even designed as "landscape ornaments" (such as imitation tree stumps, imitation seat shapes) to avoid damaging environmental coordination;
       Temporary power distribution scenarios (such as construction sites and temporary activity sites): A "mobile box transformer enclosure" (such as with rollers and a lifting structure) should be used for easy transportation and relocation. The enclosure should have certain impact resistance and adapt to the complex environment of the temporary site;
       Indoor confined spaces (such as basements and corridor power distribution rooms): The outer shell needs to be "miniaturized and compact", suitable for installation in narrow spaces, and at the same time, ventilation needs to be strengthened (to avoid poor heat dissipation in enclosed spaces), and some parts need to have fire resistance (such as using fireproof boards), in compliance with indoor fire prevention regulations.